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Conducted Measurements

Conducted measurements are test methods used to evaluate radio frequency (RF) signals or electromagnetic interference (EMI) that are transmitted via conductive paths, such as power lines, signal cables, or RF connectors. These measurements are essential for verifying compliance with EMC and RF regulations under frameworks such as FCC, CE (RED), ISED, and MIC.

Application Areas

Conducted testing is performed in various regulatory and pre-compliance contexts, including:

  • EMC testing: Measurement of conducted emissions on AC or DC power lines

  • RF performance testing: Determination of output power, modulation bandwidth, and spurious emissions at antenna connectors

  • Product certification: Required under FCC, ISED, ETSI, and MIC regulatory schemes for devices with RF connectors or power inputs

Common Measurement Parameters

  • Conducted emissions (150 kHz – 30 MHz): Measured in dBµV

  • Output power (e.g., Wi-Fi, LTE): Measured in dBm

  • Harmonics and spurious emissions: Measured in dBm or dBc

  • Modulation bandwidth / Occupied bandwidth: Measured in MHz

Measurement Setup and Instruments

Typical setups include:

  • Line Impedance Stabilization Network (LISN) for power line measurements

  • Spectrum analyzer or power meter for RF signal characterization

  • RF test cables, attenuators, and matched loads

  • Shielded environment to suppress ambient interference

Measurements are performed with the device under test (DUT) connected to the test equipment via coaxial or power interfaces. The results reflect signal behavior through conducted paths, in contrast to radiated measurements, which assess emissions through free space.

Standards and Regulatory Relevance

  • FCC Part 15.107 / 15.207 – Conducted EMI on AC mains

  • FCC §15.247 / EN 300 328 – Output power and spurious emissions at RF ports

  • CISPR 11 / 22 / 32 – Conducted emissions from industrial and multimedia equipment

  • ETSI EN 301 489-1 / -3 – EMC for radio and SRD devices

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Last updated on May 27, 2025 by IBL-Editors Team How helpful was this content for you?